Winona County, MN
FEMA National Risk Index scores, disaster declarations & hazard data
Winona County has experienced 17 federally declared disasters since 1965, most recently Covid-19 in 2020. Its overall natural hazard risk is rated Relatively Low — lower risk than most US counties.
Winona County's highest-rated hazards are landslide, hail, and cold wave, with its top risk rated "Relatively Moderate" by FEMA's National Risk Index. Recorded storm events have increased 16% over the past five years compared to the prior five-year period. Community vulnerability is relatively low (24th percentile nationally), indicating stronger recovery capacity than most US counties.
Past disasters & FEMA designations
A federal disaster declaration officially designates a county for FEMA disaster assistance. Winona County has been designated in 17 declarations since 1965, covering 6 disaster types including flood (6), severe storm (6), biological (2).
| Year | Type | Event name |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | Biological | Covid-19 Pandemic |
| 2020 | Biological | Covid-19 |
| 2019 | Flood | Severe Winter Storm, Straight-Line Winds, And Flooding |
| 2011 | Severe Storm | Severe Storms And Flooding |
| 2007 | Severe Storm | Severe Storms And Flooding |
| 2005 | Hurricane | Hurricane Katrina Evacuation |
| 2001 | Flood | Severe Winter Storms, Flooding, And Tornadoes |
| 2000 | Severe Storm | Severe Storms And Flooding |
| 1998 | Tornado | Severe Storms, Straight Line Winds, And Tornadoes |
| 1997 | Flood | Severe Flooding, High Winds,Severe Storms |
Showing the 10 most recent of 17 total declarations since 1965.
Source: FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries. A single disaster can produce more than one record per county. Data current through September 2026.
Risk by hazard type
| Hazard | Risk rating | Risk score | Recorded events | Deaths | Prop. damage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wildfire | Very Low | 16.8 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Inland Flooding | Relatively Moderate | 78.8 | 52 | 0 | $510K |
| Coastal Flooding | Not Applicable | — | 0 | 0 | — |
| Earthquake | Very Low | 11.6 | — | — | — |
| Heat Wave | Relatively Low | 57.6 | 5 | 0 | — |
| Tornado | Relatively Moderate | 76 | 12 | 0 | $539K |
| Hurricane | No Rating | 0 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Hail | Relatively Moderate | 84.1 | 86 | 0 | $7.8M |
| Strong Wind | Relatively Low | 45.2 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Winter Weather | Relatively Moderate | 64.7 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Ice Storm | Relatively Low | 38.1 | — | — | — |
| Cold Wave | Relatively Moderate | 80.6 | — | — | — |
| Lightning | Relatively Low | 46.5 | 3 | 0 | $31K |
| Drought | Relatively Low | 49.3 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Landslide | Relatively Moderate | 90.2 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Avalanche | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Tsunami | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Volcanic Activity | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
Scores are 0–100 percentiles relative to all US counties — higher means more exposed, not that a disaster is likely this year. Event counts: NOAA Storm Events 2016–2026; earthquake counts from USGS ComCat (M3.0+, 1996–2026). See the methodology page for details.
Community vulnerability
Winona County ranks in the 24th percentile (Very low) for community vulnerability — a measure of how hard disaster impacts tend to hit residents. Higher vulnerability means more displacement, worse health outcomes, and slower recovery after a disaster.
| SVI theme | Percentile | Vulnerability level |
|---|---|---|
| Overall | 24th | Very low |
| Socioeconomic status | 22nd | Very low |
| Household characteristics | 1st | Very low |
| Racial & ethnic minority status | 28th | Low |
| Housing type & transportation | 87th | High |
Source: CDC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index 2022. Percentiles compare counties nationally — higher means more vulnerable relative to other counties. See CDC SVI for full methodology.
Future risk outlook
| Wildfire metric | National percentile | Level |
|---|---|---|
| Burn probability | 16th | Very Low |
| Risk to homes | 15th | Very Low |
| Buildings in direct exposure zone | 38.4% | — |
NOAA tracked 158 weather events in this county over 2016–2025: 73 in 2016–20 vs 85 in 2021–25 (+16% — frequency increasing).
Wildfire: USDA Forest Service Wildfire Risk to Communities (RDS-2020-0016-2) — modeled values, not annual forecasts. See wildfirerisk.org. Inland flood and heat projections pending data availability; coastal sea-level projections are available for select coastal counties below — see the data page.
Nearby counties
Frequently asked questions
What natural hazards pose the greatest risk in Winona County?
According to the FEMA National Risk Index, the highest-risk hazards in Winona County, Minnesota are landslide, hail, and cold wave. The county's overall natural hazard risk is rated Relatively Low — lower risk than most US counties.
Has Winona County received federal disaster declarations?
Yes. Winona County has received 17 federal disaster declarations since 1965, including declarations in 2020. The most common disaster type on record is flood (6 declarations).
Has Winona County had any FEMA disaster declarations in 2024, 2025, or 2026?
No federal disaster declarations have been recorded for Winona County since the start of 2024. Its most recent declaration on record is Covid-19 in 2020.
How does Winona County's natural hazard risk compare to nearby counties?
Among neighboring counties, Olmsted County, MN has the highest overall natural hazard risk (Relatively Moderate) and Buffalo County, WI has the lowest (Very Low). Winona County is rated Relatively Low overall.
How is Winona County's composite disaster risk index calculated?
Winona County's composite disaster risk index — officially FEMA's National Risk Index (NRI) — scores every US county on a 0–100 percentile scale across 18 natural hazard types, factoring in expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience. Winona County's composite score of 70 means its overall natural hazard risk is higher than 70% of US counties.