Rio Grande County, CO
FEMA National Risk Index scores, disaster declarations & hazard data
Rio Grande County has experienced 9 federally declared disasters since 1970, most recently Covid-19 in 2020. Its overall natural hazard risk is rated Relatively Low — lower risk than most US counties.
Rio Grande County's highest-rated hazards are landslide, drought, and avalanche, with its top risk rated "Relatively Moderate" by FEMA's National Risk Index. Community vulnerability is elevated (79th percentile nationally), suggesting residents may face greater difficulty recovering from major disasters.
Past disasters & FEMA designations
A federal disaster declaration officially designates a county for FEMA disaster assistance. Rio Grande County has been designated in 9 declarations since 1970, covering 5 disaster types including fire (3), biological (2), flood (2).
| Year | Type | Event name |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | Biological | Covid-19 Pandemic |
| 2020 | Biological | Covid-19 |
| 2013 | Fire | West Fork Fire Complex |
| 2005 | Coastal Storm | Hurricane Katrina Evacuation |
| 2002 | Fire | Wildfires |
| 2002 | Fire | Million Fire |
| 1977 | Drought | Drought |
| 1973 | Flood | Flooding & Landslides |
| 1970 | Flood | Heavy Rains & Flooding |
Source: FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries. A single disaster can produce more than one record per county. Data current through September 2026.
Risk by hazard type
| Hazard | Risk rating | Risk score | Recorded events | Deaths | Prop. damage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wildfire | Relatively Low | 63.6 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Inland Flooding | Relatively Low | 54.9 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Coastal Flooding | Not Applicable | — | 0 | 0 | — |
| Earthquake | Relatively Low | 68.8 | — | — | — |
| Heat Wave | Very Low | 15.2 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Tornado | Very Low | 13.9 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Hurricane | Not Applicable | — | 0 | 0 | — |
| Hail | Very Low | 18.5 | 2 | 0 | — |
| Strong Wind | Very Low | 3 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Winter Weather | Relatively Low | 43.2 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Ice Storm | Very Low | 13.6 | — | — | — |
| Cold Wave | Relatively Low | 55.2 | — | — | — |
| Lightning | Relatively High | 83.7 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Drought | Relatively High | 92.4 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Landslide | Relatively Moderate | 93.2 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Avalanche | Relatively High | 88.3 | — | — | — |
| Tsunami | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Volcanic Activity | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
Scores are 0–100 percentiles relative to all US counties — higher means more exposed, not that a disaster is likely this year. Event counts: NOAA Storm Events 2016–2026; earthquake counts from USGS ComCat (M3.0+, 1996–2026). See the methodology page for details.
Community vulnerability
Rio Grande County ranks in the 79th percentile (High) for community vulnerability — a measure of how hard disaster impacts tend to hit residents. Higher vulnerability means more displacement, worse health outcomes, and slower recovery after a disaster.
| SVI theme | Percentile | Vulnerability level |
|---|---|---|
| Overall | 79th | High |
| Socioeconomic status | 55th | Moderate |
| Household characteristics | 92nd | High |
| Racial & ethnic minority status | 86th | High |
| Housing type & transportation | 72nd | Moderate |
Source: CDC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index 2022. Percentiles compare counties nationally — higher means more vulnerable relative to other counties. See CDC SVI for full methodology.
Future risk outlook
| Wildfire metric | National percentile | Level |
|---|---|---|
| Burn probability | 41st | Relatively Moderate |
| Risk to homes | 50th | Relatively Moderate |
| Buildings in direct exposure zone | 53.1% | — |
Wildfire: USDA Forest Service Wildfire Risk to Communities (RDS-2020-0016-2) — modeled values, not annual forecasts. See wildfirerisk.org. Inland flood and heat projections pending data availability; coastal sea-level projections are available for select coastal counties below — see the data page.
Nearby counties
Frequently asked questions
What natural hazards pose the greatest risk in Rio Grande County?
According to the FEMA National Risk Index, the highest-risk hazards in Rio Grande County, Colorado are landslide, drought, and avalanche. The county's overall natural hazard risk is rated Relatively Low — lower risk than most US counties.
Has Rio Grande County received federal disaster declarations?
Yes. Rio Grande County has received 9 federal disaster declarations since 1970, including declarations in 2020. The most common disaster type on record is fire (3 declarations).
Has Rio Grande County had any FEMA disaster declarations in 2024, 2025, or 2026?
No federal disaster declarations have been recorded for Rio Grande County since the start of 2024. Its most recent declaration on record is Covid-19 in 2020.
How does Rio Grande County's natural hazard risk compare to nearby counties?
Among neighboring counties, Alamosa County, CO has the highest overall natural hazard risk (Very Low) and Hinsdale County, CO has the lowest (Very Low). Rio Grande County is rated Relatively Low overall.
How is Rio Grande County's composite disaster risk index calculated?
Rio Grande County's composite disaster risk index — officially FEMA's National Risk Index (NRI) — scores every US county on a 0–100 percentile scale across 18 natural hazard types, factoring in expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience. Rio Grande County's composite score of 46 means its overall natural hazard risk is higher than 46% of US counties.