Alleghany County, NC
FEMA National Risk Index scores, disaster declarations & hazard data
Alleghany County has experienced 20 federally declared disasters since 1989, most recently Severe Winter Storm in 2026. Its overall natural hazard risk is rated Very Low — among the lowest-risk counties in the country.
Alleghany County's highest-rated hazards are landslide, drought, and ice storm, with its top risk rated "Relatively Moderate" by FEMA's National Risk Index. Recorded storm events have decreased 63% over the past five years compared to the prior five-year period. Community vulnerability is elevated (72nd percentile nationally), suggesting residents may face greater difficulty recovering from major disasters.
Past disasters & FEMA designations
A federal disaster declaration officially designates a county for FEMA disaster assistance. Alleghany County has been designated in 20 declarations since 1989, covering 7 disaster types including hurricane (9), tropical storm (3), severe storm (2).
| Year | Type | Event name |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | Winter Storm | Severe Winter Storm |
| 2024 | Tropical Storm | Tropical Storm Helene |
| 2024 | Tropical Storm | Tropical Storm Debby |
| 2024 | Tropical Storm | Hurricane Helene |
| 2023 | Hurricane | Hurricane Ian |
| 2021 | Severe Storm | Tropical Storm Eta |
| 2020 | Hurricane | Hurricane Isaias |
| 2020 | Biological | Covid-19 Pandemic |
| 2020 | Biological | Covid-19 |
| 2019 | Hurricane | Hurricane Dorian |
Showing the 10 most recent of 20 total declarations since 1989.
Source: FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries. A single disaster can produce more than one record per county. Data current through September 2026.
Risk by hazard type
| Hazard | Risk rating | Risk score | Recorded events | Deaths | Prop. damage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wildfire | Very Low | 45.8 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Inland Flooding | Relatively Low | 41.1 | 12 | 0 | $5.1M |
| Coastal Flooding | Not Applicable | — | 0 | 0 | — |
| Earthquake | Very Low | 43.8 | 1 | — | — |
| Heat Wave | No Rating | 0 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Tornado | Relatively Low | 27.5 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Hurricane | Relatively Low | 59.1 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Hail | Very Low | 17.8 | 11 | 0 | — |
| Strong Wind | Relatively Low | 24.3 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Winter Weather | Very Low | 19.3 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Ice Storm | Relatively Moderate | 80.5 | — | — | — |
| Cold Wave | Relatively Moderate | 77.7 | — | — | — |
| Lightning | Relatively Low | 39.1 | 3 | 0 | $801K |
| Drought | Relatively Moderate | 83.1 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Landslide | Relatively Moderate | 90.2 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Avalanche | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Tsunami | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Volcanic Activity | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
Scores are 0–100 percentiles relative to all US counties — higher means more exposed, not that a disaster is likely this year. Event counts: NOAA Storm Events 2016–2026; earthquake counts from USGS ComCat (M3.0+, 1996–2026). See the methodology page for details.
Community vulnerability
Alleghany County ranks in the 72nd percentile (Moderate) for community vulnerability — a measure of how hard disaster impacts tend to hit residents. Higher vulnerability means more displacement, worse health outcomes, and slower recovery after a disaster.
| SVI theme | Percentile | Vulnerability level |
|---|---|---|
| Overall | 72nd | Moderate |
| Socioeconomic status | 86th | High |
| Household characteristics | 50th | Moderate |
| Racial & ethnic minority status | 40th | Low |
| Housing type & transportation | 58th | Moderate |
Source: CDC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index 2022. Percentiles compare counties nationally — higher means more vulnerable relative to other counties. See CDC SVI for full methodology.
Future risk outlook
| Wildfire metric | National percentile | Level |
|---|---|---|
| Burn probability | 58th | Relatively Moderate |
| Risk to homes | 56th | Relatively Moderate |
| Buildings in direct exposure zone | 95.3% | — |
NOAA tracked 26 weather events in this county over 2016–2025: 19 in 2016–20 vs 7 in 2021–25 (-63% — frequency decreasing).
Wildfire: USDA Forest Service Wildfire Risk to Communities (RDS-2020-0016-2) — modeled values, not annual forecasts. See wildfirerisk.org. Inland flood and heat projections pending data availability; coastal sea-level projections are available for select coastal counties below — see the data page.
Nearby counties
Frequently asked questions
What natural hazards pose the greatest risk in Alleghany County?
According to the FEMA National Risk Index, the highest-risk hazards in Alleghany County, North Carolina are landslide, drought, and ice storm. The county's overall natural hazard risk is rated Very Low — among the lowest-risk counties in the country.
Has Alleghany County received federal disaster declarations?
Yes. Alleghany County has received 20 federal disaster declarations since 1989, including declarations in 2026. The most common disaster type on record is hurricane (9 declarations).
Has Alleghany County had any FEMA disaster declarations in 2024, 2025, or 2026?
Yes. Recent federal disaster declarations for Alleghany County include Severe Winter Storm (2026), Tropical Storm Helene (2024), Tropical Storm Debby (2024), Hurricane Helene (2024). See the declarations table above for the full history since 1989.
How does Alleghany County's natural hazard risk compare to nearby counties?
Among neighboring counties, Wilkes County, NC has the highest overall natural hazard risk (Relatively Moderate) and Galax, VA has the lowest (Very Low). Alleghany County is rated Very Low overall.
How is Alleghany County's composite disaster risk index calculated?
Alleghany County's composite disaster risk index — officially FEMA's National Risk Index (NRI) — scores every US county on a 0–100 percentile scale across 18 natural hazard types, factoring in expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience. Alleghany County's composite score of 35 means its overall natural hazard risk is higher than 35% of US counties.