Hamilton County, IL
FEMA National Risk Index scores, disaster declarations & hazard data
Hamilton County has experienced 10 federally declared disasters since 1989, most recently Covid-19 in 2020. Its overall natural hazard risk is rated Very Low — among the lowest-risk counties in the country.
Hamilton County's highest-rated hazards are earthquake, strong wind, and winter weather, with its top risk rated "Relatively Moderate" by FEMA's National Risk Index. Recorded storm events have increased 30% over the past five years compared to the prior five-year period. Community vulnerability is relatively low (30th percentile nationally), indicating stronger recovery capacity than most US counties.
Past disasters & FEMA designations
A federal disaster declaration officially designates a county for FEMA disaster assistance. Hamilton County has been designated in 10 declarations since 1989, covering 5 disaster types including severe storm (4), biological (2), tornado (2).
| Year | Type | Event name |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | Biological | Covid-19 Pandemic |
| 2020 | Biological | Covid-19 |
| 2011 | Severe Storm | Severe Storms And Flooding |
| 2009 | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Flooding, And Tornadoes |
| 2005 | Snowstorm | Record/Near Record Snow |
| 2005 | Hurricane | Hurricane Katrina Evacuation |
| 2002 | Tornado | Severe Storms, Tornadoes And Flooding |
| 1996 | Severe Storm | Severe Storms And Flooding |
| 1990 | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Tornadoes & Flooding |
| 1989 | Tornado | Severe Storms & Tornadoes |
Source: FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries. A single disaster can produce more than one record per county. Data current through September 2026.
Risk by hazard type
| Hazard | Risk rating | Risk score | Recorded events | Deaths | Prop. damage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wildfire | Very Low | 1.1 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Inland Flooding | Very Low | 12.5 | 23 | 0 | $341K |
| Coastal Flooding | Not Applicable | — | 0 | 0 | — |
| Earthquake | Relatively Moderate | 90.7 | 1 | — | — |
| Heat Wave | Relatively Low | 44.1 | 42 | 0 | — |
| Tornado | Relatively Low | 37.3 | 1 | 0 | $125K |
| Hurricane | Very Low | 27.8 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Hail | Relatively Low | 35.1 | 10 | 0 | — |
| Strong Wind | Relatively Moderate | 55.9 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Winter Weather | Relatively Low | 53.1 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Ice Storm | Relatively Low | 36.2 | — | — | — |
| Cold Wave | Relatively Low | 30.9 | — | — | — |
| Lightning | Very Low | 12.3 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Drought | Relatively Low | 52.7 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Landslide | Very Low | 49 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Avalanche | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Tsunami | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Volcanic Activity | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
Scores are 0–100 percentiles relative to all US counties — higher means more exposed, not that a disaster is likely this year. Event counts: NOAA Storm Events 2016–2026; earthquake counts from USGS ComCat (M3.0+, 1996–2026). See the methodology page for details.
Community vulnerability
Hamilton County ranks in the 30th percentile (Low) for community vulnerability — a measure of how hard disaster impacts tend to hit residents. Higher vulnerability means more displacement, worse health outcomes, and slower recovery after a disaster.
| SVI theme | Percentile | Vulnerability level |
|---|---|---|
| Overall | 30th | Low |
| Socioeconomic status | 42nd | Low |
| Household characteristics | 65th | Moderate |
| Racial & ethnic minority status | 5th | Very low |
| Housing type & transportation | 18th | Very low |
Source: CDC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index 2022. Percentiles compare counties nationally — higher means more vulnerable relative to other counties. See CDC SVI for full methodology.
Future risk outlook
| Wildfire metric | National percentile | Level |
|---|---|---|
| Burn probability | 16th | Very Low |
| Risk to homes | 15th | Very Low |
| Buildings in direct exposure zone | 56.0% | — |
NOAA tracked 76 weather events in this county over 2016–2025: 33 in 2016–20 vs 43 in 2021–25 (+30% — frequency increasing).
Wildfire: USDA Forest Service Wildfire Risk to Communities (RDS-2020-0016-2) — modeled values, not annual forecasts. See wildfirerisk.org. Inland flood and heat projections pending data availability; coastal sea-level projections are available for select coastal counties below — see the data page.
Nearby counties
Frequently asked questions
What natural hazards pose the greatest risk in Hamilton County?
According to the FEMA National Risk Index, the highest-risk hazards in Hamilton County, Illinois are earthquake, strong wind, and winter weather. The county's overall natural hazard risk is rated Very Low — among the lowest-risk counties in the country.
Has Hamilton County received federal disaster declarations?
Yes. Hamilton County has received 10 federal disaster declarations since 1989, including declarations in 2020. The most common disaster type on record is severe storm (4 declarations).
Has Hamilton County had any FEMA disaster declarations in 2024, 2025, or 2026?
No federal disaster declarations have been recorded for Hamilton County since the start of 2024. Its most recent declaration on record is Covid-19 in 2020.
How does Hamilton County's natural hazard risk compare to nearby counties?
Among neighboring counties, Franklin County, IL has the highest overall natural hazard risk (Relatively Low) and Gallatin County, IL has the lowest (Very Low). Hamilton County is rated Very Low overall.
How is Hamilton County's composite disaster risk index calculated?
Hamilton County's composite disaster risk index — officially FEMA's National Risk Index (NRI) — scores every US county on a 0–100 percentile scale across 18 natural hazard types, factoring in expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience. Hamilton County's composite score of 31 means its overall natural hazard risk is higher than 31% of US counties.