Columbia County, AR
FEMA National Risk Index scores, disaster declarations & hazard data
Columbia County has experienced 22 federally declared disasters since 1973, most recently Severe Winter Storm in 2026. Its overall natural hazard risk is rated Very Low — among the lowest-risk counties in the country.
Columbia County's highest-rated hazards are ice storm, hail, and strong wind, with its top risk rated "Very High" by FEMA's National Risk Index. Recorded storm events have increased 24% over the past five years compared to the prior five-year period. Community vulnerability is elevated (76th percentile nationally), suggesting residents may face greater difficulty recovering from major disasters.
Past disasters & FEMA designations
A federal disaster declaration officially designates a county for FEMA disaster assistance. Columbia County has been designated in 22 declarations since 1973, covering 8 disaster types including severe storm (8), flood (5), biological (2).
| Year | Type | Event name |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | Winter Storm | Severe Winter Storm |
| 2025 | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Tornadoes, And Flooding |
| 2020 | Hurricane | Hurricane Laura |
| 2020 | Biological | Covid-19 Pandemic |
| 2020 | Biological | Covid-19 |
| 2016 | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Tornadoes, Straight-Line Winds, And Flooding |
| 2010 | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Tornadoes, And Flooding |
| 2005 | Hurricane | Hurricane Katrina Evacuation |
| 2004 | Severe Storm | Severe Storms And Flooding |
| 2003 | Severe Storm | Severe Storms, Tornadoes, And Flooding |
Showing the 10 most recent of 22 total declarations since 1973.
Source: FEMA OpenFEMA Disaster Declarations Summaries. A single disaster can produce more than one record per county. Data current through September 2026.
Risk by hazard type
| Hazard | Risk rating | Risk score | Recorded events | Deaths | Prop. damage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wildfire | Very Low | 31.8 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Inland Flooding | Very Low | 24.6 | 19 | 0 | — |
| Coastal Flooding | Not Applicable | — | 0 | 0 | — |
| Earthquake | Relatively Low | 71.4 | — | — | — |
| Heat Wave | Relatively Low | 78 | 70 | 0 | — |
| Tornado | Relatively Low | 62.5 | 7 | 0 | $135K |
| Hurricane | Relatively Low | 61 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Hail | Relatively Moderate | 83.6 | 17 | 0 | — |
| Strong Wind | Relatively Moderate | 79.5 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Winter Weather | Relatively Low | 25.3 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Ice Storm | Very High | 97.9 | — | — | — |
| Cold Wave | Very Low | 17.5 | — | — | — |
| Lightning | Relatively Moderate | 59.2 | 1 | 0 | $50K |
| Drought | Relatively Low | 56.3 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Landslide | Very Low | 19.3 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Avalanche | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Tsunami | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Volcanic Activity | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
Scores are 0–100 percentiles relative to all US counties — higher means more exposed, not that a disaster is likely this year. Event counts: NOAA Storm Events 2016–2026; earthquake counts from USGS ComCat (M3.0+, 1996–2026). See the methodology page for details.
Community vulnerability
Columbia County ranks in the 76th percentile (High) for community vulnerability — a measure of how hard disaster impacts tend to hit residents. Higher vulnerability means more displacement, worse health outcomes, and slower recovery after a disaster.
| SVI theme | Percentile | Vulnerability level |
|---|---|---|
| Overall | 76th | High |
| Socioeconomic status | 52nd | Moderate |
| Household characteristics | 66th | Moderate |
| Racial & ethnic minority status | 79th | High |
| Housing type & transportation | 92nd | High |
Source: CDC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index 2022. Percentiles compare counties nationally — higher means more vulnerable relative to other counties. See CDC SVI for full methodology.
Future risk outlook
| Wildfire metric | National percentile | Level |
|---|---|---|
| Burn probability | 45th | Relatively Moderate |
| Risk to homes | 43rd | Relatively Moderate |
| Buildings in direct exposure zone | 63.7% | — |
NOAA tracked 114 weather events in this county over 2016–2025: 51 in 2016–20 vs 63 in 2021–25 (+24% — frequency increasing).
Wildfire: USDA Forest Service Wildfire Risk to Communities (RDS-2020-0016-2) — modeled values, not annual forecasts. See wildfirerisk.org. Inland flood and heat projections pending data availability; coastal sea-level projections are available for select coastal counties below — see the data page.
Nearby counties
Frequently asked questions
What natural hazards pose the greatest risk in Columbia County?
According to the FEMA National Risk Index, the highest-risk hazards in Columbia County, Arkansas are ice storm, hail, and strong wind. The county's overall natural hazard risk is rated Very Low — among the lowest-risk counties in the country.
Has Columbia County received federal disaster declarations?
Yes. Columbia County has received 22 federal disaster declarations since 1973, including declarations in 2026. The most common disaster type on record is severe storm (8 declarations).
Has Columbia County had any FEMA disaster declarations in 2024, 2025, or 2026?
Yes. Recent federal disaster declarations for Columbia County include Severe Winter Storm (2026), Severe Storms, Tornadoes, And Flooding (2025). See the declarations table above for the full history since 1973.
How does Columbia County's natural hazard risk compare to nearby counties?
Among neighboring counties, Webster Parish, LA has the highest overall natural hazard risk (Relatively Low) and Nevada County, AR has the lowest (Very Low). Columbia County is rated Very Low overall.
How is Columbia County's composite disaster risk index calculated?
Columbia County's composite disaster risk index — officially FEMA's National Risk Index (NRI) — scores every US county on a 0–100 percentile scale across 18 natural hazard types, factoring in expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience. Columbia County's composite score of 42 means its overall natural hazard risk is higher than 42% of US counties.